A transformer is a static, passive electrical device that transfers the electrical energy galvanically between two or more circuits.
The changing current in a coil produces a changing magnetic flux in the same coil, which in turn induces a varying emf (electromotive force) across another winding, wounded on the same core.
This electrical energy is transferred between the two coils magnetically without being electrically connected. The transformers are rated in VA, KVA or MVA .
Transformers are used to either step up or step down the alternating voltage.
The transformers may be step up transformers or step-down transformers depending upon the primary and secondary windings.
What is a Step up Transformer?
A step up transformer is a transformer that step ups the voltage from the primary winding to the secondary winding while keeping the power same in both the windings at the rated frequency.
Where are the Step up Transformers used?
The step up transformers are generally used in generating stations and other power transmission applications. The primary windings of the power transformers at the power generating stations are supplied with the lower voltage to give a higher voltage at the other end of the transmission lines.
How are Step up Transformers constructed?
The step up transformers are constructed of windings, core, enclosure, and other accessories.
Core of Step up Transformer –
The core of the transformer is constructed from a highly permeable material. Laminations of thin silicon steel are assembled and tightly clamped to form the core.
This core is designed to allow magnetic flux to flow through them quickly with minimum losses.
The core material has a higher permeability than the surrounding air. This high permeability of the core material makes the magnetic field lines restricted in the core material and thus increases the efficiency of the transformer by reducing the losses of the transformer.
The magnetic cores though are advantageous in permitting the magnetic flux flow across them but also leads to core losses such as eddy current losses due to hysteresis. Therefore, low coercivity and hysteresis materials are preferred for making magnetic cores, like silicon steel or ferrite.
The core of transformers is laminated to keep the eddy currents at a minimal low to prevent the heating of the core. The electrical energy got wasted in heating the core and thus decreased the efficiency of the transformer.
Windings of Step up Transformer –
The windings of the transformers are meant to carry currents and are wounded over the core. These windings are insulated and are designed to keep the transformer cool and to withstand the operational and test conditions. The windings are of copper or aluminium.
The primary windings comprise of thick wire with a smaller number of turns on the core, while the secondary windings comprise of thin wires with a large number of turns. The primary windings are designed to carry low voltage at a higher current, whereas the secondary windings are designed to carry higher voltages at a lower current. The power across both the windings, however, remains the same at any point of time;
The copper windings, though expensive, bear higher mechanical strength and carries 1.6 times higher current than the aluminium windings. Silver bearing copper windings have greater strength and is required where higher extreme forces are there. These copper wounded transformers are preferred where the smaller ratings of the transformers or the compact transformers are required.
The aluminium windings are lighter as well as less expensive, though a large cross-section of aluminium is required as they carry less current than copper. These windings are preferred where the price is the criteria, and space is not an issue. They are generally preferred to transfer higher kVA rating power to large distances.
How is Set-up Transformer price decided?
The set-up transformers are available at different prices from different manufacturers depending upon the type of transformer, manufacturer, utility, and availability. On broader spectrum here are few of the critical factors which decide the price of the transformers.
Rating of the Transformers
– The rating of the transformer is the prime factor to decide the rate of the transformer. Same rating transformer from different manufacturers is priced differently.
Winding Material
– The type of winding material is the second important attribute for deciding the price of the transformer. The Aluminium wounded transformers are much more reasonable than the copper wound transformers.
The efficiency of the Transformers
– The efficiency of the transformer plays a significant role in deciding the price of the transformer. As the transformers are designed for twenty-four hours operation, therefore even a slight difference in the efficiency of the transformer has a major impact on their price. Higher the efficiency, the higher will be the price.
Cooling Medium –
The cooling medium is the next major factor to decide the price of the transformer that whether the transformer is air-cooled or oil-cooled. The air-cooled transformers are much more economical than the oil-cooled transformers.
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Number of Phases –
The number of phases that is whether the transformer is a single-phase or three-phase is the next attribute to differentiate the transformers on the price.
Conclusion
– The step up transformers are an important part of power generation and transmission system. They are playing a vital role in transferring the power to far off places from the generating stations. As these generating stations are generally situated at far of inhabited places and the electricity is required to be transferred to the point of utility, these transformers become an indispensable part of the electrical system.
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1) What is a step up transformer?
A step-up transformer is a transformer that increases the voltage from the primary coil to the secondary coil while managing the same power at the rated frequency in both coils. It converts low voltage & high current from the primary side to the high voltage & low current on the secondary side of the transformer.
2) What is the use of a step up transformer?
Step Up transformers are used in electronic equipment like inverters, batteries & stabilizers to balance the low voltage to the higher voltage in the Transformers. They are also used in electrical power transmission.
3) What is the difference between step up and step down transformer?
Difference between the step up transformer and the step down transformer are given as below;
Step Up transformers increase the voltage while the step down transformers reduce voltage.
The step-up transformer reduces the current strength while the step-up transformer increases the current strength.
In a step-up transformer, the number of turns in secondary winding are higher than that of the primary winding but in a step down transformer the number of turns in primary winding are higher than that of the secondary winding.
In a step-up transformer, the wire of the primary coil is thicker than that of the secondary coil whereas in a step down transformer thewire of the secondary coil is thicker than the primary coil.
A step-up transformer is a transformer that increases the voltage from the primary coil to the secondary coil while managing the same power at the rated frequency in both coils. It converts low voltage & high current from the primary side to the high voltage & low current on the secondary side of the transformer.
A step-up transformer is one which has a primary voltage that is lower than the secondary voltage. So, if your building is wired with 208v but you need 480v to power a large machine, you'll need a step-up transformer to boost the voltage from 208v to 480v. These examples are small industrial applications.
A step-up transformer increases the input voltage and delivers it to the load, and a step-down transformer decreases the input voltage at the load. High voltage is required for efficient power transmission, but the power must be utilized by consumers at a lower voltage for safety reasons.
The main difference between the step-up and step-down transformer is that the step-up transformer increases the output voltage, while the step-down transformer reduces the output voltage.
We can look at the rating plate to determine the turn ratio or voltage ratio and check the connections. If the in-feed is on the lower voltage winding, it is a step-up transformer.
Flexi Says: A step-up transformer increases the voltage of the current as it leaves the power plant. After the voltage has been increased, less current travels through the high-voltage power lines. This reduces the amount of power that is lost due to resistance of the power lines.
Step-up/Down transformers are used to convert electricity from 220V/240V AC to 110/120 V AC (step down) or 110V/120V AC to 220V/240V AC (Step-up). These type of transformers are grounded and with build-in fuses, which provides safety against electrical shock and damage.
The power transformer is the most common type of transformers. Mostly whenever someone refers to a transformer in the industrial zone they are literally talking about a power transformer.
Step-Down Transformer is an Essential Device for Domestic and Industrial Use. Electrical transformers, with their magnificent function, enable power transfer to the electrical loads for the ultimate end-use.
A step-up transformer has more turns of wire on its secondary coil than it does on its primary coil. Transformers will only work with an alternating current (ac) input. This transformer steps up the voltage by reducing the current.
A step up transformer has a greater number of turns in its secondary coil than its primary coil. Thus, the output voltage produced in the secondary coil is greater than the input voltage in the primary coil. Therefore, using the formulas stated above, the step up transformer increases the AC voltage.
The E1 and E2 are the voltages, and T1 and T2 are the number of turns on the primary and secondary winding of the transformer. The number of turns on the secondary of the transformer is greater than that of the primary, i.e., T2 > T1. Thus the voltage turn ratio of the step-up transformer is 1:2.
Generally, step-up transformers are located at power generation plants, stepping up the voltage flowing from the power plant to long-distance distribution networks.
One of the major disadvantages of a step-up transformer is its need for a cooling system. As it operates 24/7, it heats up a lot and there have to be some means to cool it down. As they are used in highly critical applications, switching them off even for a few minutes can cost a lot to the industry.
In the electrical grid transformers are key to changing the voltages to reduce how much energy is lost in electrical transmission. Transformers change the voltage of the electrical signal coming out of the power plant, usually increasing (also known as "stepping up") the voltage.
It is done by connecting the high voltage DC output to one or more low voltage AC input circuits to increase the voltage across the power supply. The Generator Step-Up Transformer is a source of energy for industries and homes.
Step-up transformers are used in central power stations. They allow the stations to increase the voltage to the necessary level to produce electricity. The electricity is then transmitted through power lines. However, high voltages are very dangerous for commercial or residential use.
Step-up and step-down transformers can boost or lower voltages to apply whatever level of power is necessary for a given application, and as long as transformer noise isn't part of the electrical system, they'll do their job reliably and effectively. But transformer noise can be a significant problem.
This transformer is used to change the high voltage in power transmission lines generated by generators. This transformer is also used to make electric motors running, X-ray machines, microwave ovens, etc. It is used to enhance electrical and electronic equipment.
A transformer cannot convert AC to DC or DC to AC. The transformer has the ability to step up or decrease current. A step-up transformer is a transformer that raises the voltage from the primary to the secondary.
Hence for maximum efficiency, Power transformers are designed for maximum efficiency at full load and distribution transformers are designed for maximum efficiency at some point of intermediate loading (Depends on the loads) and normally it is 50 % of full load.
Oil and air are the primary cooling materials used in a transformer. Dry-type transformers, are normally cooled by air. The following two transformer cooling methods are adopted in dry-type transformers. Air Natural (AN) cooling – Cooled by surrounding air.
Safety is a major concern for these transformers and they are identified as class I, class II or class III. Class I units are insulated and protected by an earth terminal.Class II transformers have double insulation or reinforced insulation.
The correct option is B. Inductively linked. Transformer: It is a device used for converting low alternating voltage at high current into a high voltage at low current and vice-versa.
Transformers only work on alternating current (a.c.). The current in the primary coil causes it to become an electromagnet. The continually changing current produces a continually changing magnetic field in an iron core.
Transformers only work for alternating current, because you need a changing magnetic field. The size of the induced voltage depends on the number of turns on each coil – if there are less in the secondary coil, the voltage falls, and if there are more in the secondary coil, the voltage rises.
The direction of current flow is changed in AC. When AC flows through the primary, current is induced in the secondary due to mutual induction. There is no mutual induction in DC as its direction does not change. So a transformer cannot work in DC.
A transformer converts alternating current (AC) from one voltage to another voltage. It has no moving parts and works on a magnetic induction principle; it can be designed to "step-up" or "step-down" voltage. So a step up transformer increases the voltage and a step down transformer decreases the voltage.
As a result, back-fed transformers can have large inrushes. The inrush can cause many problems including nuisance tripping of circuit breakers and fuses and voltage drops. The inrush problem can increase if the transformer is k-rated, low temperature rise or high efficiency.
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The two primary types of transformer cores are shell type and core type. In shell type cores, the cores surround the winding. In contrast, core type is characterized by the windings surrounding the core, as can be seen in the graphic below. Core type configurations are used for high voltage/high power needs.
Transformers are constructed in a variety of ways. It may have many coils or windings on both the primary and secondary sides, affecting the voltage level. The transformer is classified into three types based on the voltage level produced: Step down, Step up, and an isolation transformer.
The different types of transformer are Step up and Step down Transformer, Power Transformer, Distribution Transformer, Instrument transformer comprising current and Potential Transformer, Single phase and Three phase transformer, Auto transformer, etc. Contents: Step up and Stepdown Transformer.
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Ultra Magnus was created by Alpha Trion and brought online at exactly the same moment as his brother, Optimus Prime. They both served with distinction during the Cybertronian Civil Wars, presumably against the Predacons.
Today, the majority of transformers are still filled with mineral oil. But, other types of oil are becoming more and more popular and there are quite a few different types to choose from. Some alternative fluids have benefits such as high fire and flash points for indoor use or environmentally friendly attributes.
The most popular and efficient transformer core is the shell-type core, as illustrated in the figure below. As shown, each layer of the core consists of E- and I-shaped sections of metal. These sections are butted together to form the laminations.
Transformers only work for alternating current, because you need a changing magnetic field. The size of the induced voltage depends on the number of turns on each coil – if there are less in the secondary coil, the voltage falls, and if there are more in the secondary coil, the voltage rises.
Unicron is a prodigiously large robot whose scale reaches planetary proportions, and he is also able to transform into a giant planet. Unicron's origin has expanded over the years from simply being a large robot to being a god of chaos who devours realities.
A pulse transformer is a device used in electrical power systems to isolate physically distant circuits or to change circuit characteristics such as voltage or current rating. They are a great solution for many industrial applications because they are compact, reliable, and can handle high-power pulses.
Berry transformer is also called toroidal transformer, which is a large type of electronic transformer and has been widely used in home appliances and other electronic equipment with high technical requirements. Its main use is as a power transformer and an isolation transformer.
The core type transformers are used for high voltage and high power transformers. The shell type transformers are preferred for low voltage and low power applications.
The transformer can be classified using winding orders. One of the popular types is Auto Winding Transformers. Till now, the primary and secondary winding is fixed but in case of an auto-winding transformer, the primary and the secondary coil can be connected in series and the center tapped node is movable.
Oil-filled transformers are more efficient than dry-type transformers, which are larger and have a lower voltage rating. Thus, the dry types are more prone to overheating during overload, resulting in higher electrical losses and maintenance costs.
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